This constant current driver circuit regulates an LED current directly at the target value. These error factors change the LED current (green) at non-negligible levels.įigure 1c employs a constant current circuitry instead of resistors. As shown in red or blue annotations, this LED and resistor has variations of forward voltage and resistance from manufacturing errors. An LED curve and a load curve by R LIMIT determine its LED current value. Still, it is not great at controlling LED light intensity in video display applications. Because of the limit resistor, the lamp does not blow up. A current limit resistor R LIMIT is added to protect an LED lamp. Voltage source with current limit resistor In most cases the high current condition turns the normally long-lived LED into a very expensive flash bulb.įigure 1 Comparing three LED driver circuits Because an LED current is an exponential function of its voltage bias (equation 1), light intensity from the LED lamp is very sensitive to the voltage. From this basic knowledge, one can come up with the first option in Figure 1a but it will not work. It is well known that an LED lamp (or diode) starts turning ON with enough forward voltage (VF). In this tutorial, Texas Instruments takes a detailed look at the essential technical principles of LED display systems and the engineering considerations required to design them using arrays of discrete LED lamps.įirst we will compare the various LED driving circuitries to determine the best method. Recent advances in LED technology have even made it difficult to distinguish still images on their high-quality displays from traditional printed or painted billboards. LED-based signage and matrix displays are bringing new dimensions of versatility and eye-pleasing visual effects to a growing number of outdoor and indoor applications.
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